Apologetics Blueprint: Session Five – The Fruit of the Spirit in Apologetics; and 1 Samuel chapter 13-16

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This week’s apologetic topic will focus on the fruit of the Spirit in Apologetics. We will also continue our Bible study with the book of 1 Samuel, chapters 13-16. Defending our faith and developing a Biblical worldview based on our understanding of God’s Word takes time and practice, and must be part of a lifetime commitment we make to the LORD. It should form our purpose and identity in everyday life as we grow closer to our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ, modeling Him to our family, friends and neighbors.

As Christians, it is more important than ever to know what we believe, and why we believe it, and then apply that to who we are on a consistent basis, and this can only be done if we know Jesus and what His Word teaches.

All class sessions include a time for prayer and reflection, a presentation, and a Bible study section. You will find the presentation overview and Bible study questions below. Basic answers to the Bible study will be also be posted below for your review and, or as a leader’s guide.

Watch the presentation on these topics:

Presentation

APOLOGETICS BLUEPRINT

Session Five – The Fruit of the Spirit in Apologetics, and 1 Samuel Chapters 13-16

REVIEW AND DISCUSS

At your table groups, do the following:

Prayer cards: Take a minute and write your name on the index card and add any special prayer request you might have. Exchange cards at the end of the class this evening.

Discuss:

  1. What are some important take-aways from last week’s presentation on “the evidence of God’s existence through the fine tuning of the Universe”?
  2. Recite the memory verse from Genesis 3:15. Why it is an important foundational verse?

Genesis 3:15 Promise
(begins the Scarlet Thread)

“And I will put enmity between you and the woman, and between your offspring and hers; he will crush your head, and you will strike his heel.”  Genesis 3:15 (NIV)

From Genesis through Revelation, the Bible is all about Jesus!

The “Fruit of the Spirit” should be evident in every Christian, especially when practicing Christian Apologetics. Since we are representing God when we engage in answering questions, debating or defending the faith, it is imperative that we pay special attention to the manner in which we do this. Even though we may no possess all of the traits of the fruit, all of the time, we should be mindful of what they are and intentional in our display. We can most prominently see the fruits of the Spirit contrasted with the desires of the flesh as listed in Paul’s letter to the Galatians, Chapter 5:

“It was for freedom that Christ set us free; therefore keep standing firm and do not be subject again to a yoke of slavery. 2 Behold I, Paul, say to you that if you receive circumcision, Christ will be of no benefit to you. 3 And I testify again to every man who receives circumcision, that he is under obligation to keep the whole Law. 4 You have been severed from Christ, you who are seeking to be justified by law; you have fallen from grace. 5 For we through the Spirit, by faith, are waiting for the hope of righteousness. 6 For in Christ Jesus neither circumcision nor uncircumcision means anything, but faith working through love. 7 You were running well; who hindered you from obeying the truth? 8 This persuasion did not come from Him who calls you. 9 A little leaven leavens the whole lump of dough. 10 I have confidence in you in the Lord that you will adopt no other view; but the one who is disturbing you will bear his judgment, whoever he is. 11 But I, brethren, if I still preach circumcision, why am I still persecuted? Then the stumbling block of the cross has been abolished. 12 I wish that those who are troubling you would even mutilate themselves. 13 For you were called to freedom, brethren; only do not turn your freedom into an opportunity for the flesh, but through love serve one another. 14 For the whole Law is fulfilled in one word, in the statement, “You shall love your neighbor as yourself.” 15 But if you bite and devour one another, take care that you are not consumed by one another.

16 But I say, walk by the Spirit, and you will not carry out the desire of the flesh. 17 For the flesh sets its desire against the Spirit, and the Spirit against the flesh; for these are in opposition to one another, so that you may not do the things that you please. 18 But if you are led by the Spirit, you are not under the Law. 19 Now the deeds of the flesh are evident, which are: immorality, impurity, sensuality, 20 idolatry, sorcery, enmities, strife, jealousy, outbursts of anger, disputes, dissensions, factions, 21 envying, drunkenness, carousing, and things like these, of which I forewarn you, just as I have forewarned you, that those who practice such things will not inherit the kingdom of God. 22 But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, 23 gentleness, self-control; against such things there is no law. 24 Now those who belong to Christ Jesus have crucified the flesh with its passions and desires. 25 If we live by the Spirit, let us also walk by the Spirit. 26 Let us not become boastful, challenging one another, envying one another.”

Galatians 5:1-26 (NASB)

Recognizing the differences in attitude and mannerism will result in a better witness for the Gospel of Christ, and build our own characters to reflect God’s!

Bible Study

Each week, we are encouraging you to take some dedicated time and spend it in God’s Word. Always remember to pray before you study and ask the Holy Spirit to teach you and lead you into the truth found in God’s Word – pray for protection from the evil one who will try to discourage, distract and deceive us when we commit to growing closer to the LORD.

REFLECT AND PRACTICE

1.  Review and discuss this evening’s presentation. Do you have any questions or comments?

Bible Study Practice:

2.  Read and discuss chapters 13-16 in the book of 1 Samuel.

Going Deeper Questions

CONTEXT: What does it say?

Chapter 13:

  1. What happened between the Israelites and the Philistines at the two-year mark of Saul’s reign? Who was Jonathan?
  2. What did Saul do that enraged Samuel, and what judgment from God did Samuel speak over Saul for doing this?
  3. Going deeper: What do we know about the monopoly the Philistines had on iron, and how it affected the people of Israel now and later on?

Chapter 14:

  1. What did Jonathan do (without his father knowing) concerning the Philistines, and how did he show that he trusted God in his endeavor? What are some clues that help us know God’s hand was with Jonathan and his armorbearer?
  2. What did Saul and the people of Israel do when he realized that the Philistines were in a panic, and what was the result?
  3. What rash vow did Saul make and why? What was the consequence of this vow, and how did the people respond to Saul’s attempted enforcement?
  4. Going Deeper: What is the history of the Urim and Thummim, and why did Saul use them?

Chapter 15:

  1. Who were the Amalekites, and why did God reject Saul yet again this second time?
  2. What did Samuel say to Saul on behalf of the LORD, and how does this show Saul’s willing incompetence as a leader of the people and follower of God?
  3. What were the last words between Saul and Samuel; and what did Samuel do that Saul should have done as commanded by the LORD?

Chapter 16:

  1. Who was David, what was Samuel’s interaction with him, and how did he end up in Saul’s service?

INTERPRETATION: What does it mean? (Chapters 13-16)

  1. What is God showing the reader about who He is (His character)?
  2. What is God trying to teach the audience from this narrative?
  3. Do we see anything in this narrative that points towards Jesus (a picture, foreshadow, model, prophecy etc.).

APPLICATION: How can we use what we learned? (Chapters 13-16)

  1. Are there things we can apply to our lives that we learn from people in this narrative (good or bad)?
  • Jot down and discuss any “shelf” questions you might have about chapters 13-16.

BASIC ANSWERS FOR REVIEW AND LEADER’S GUIDE FOR 1 SAMUEL CHAPTERS 13-16

CONTEXT: What does it say?

Chapter 13:

God Rejects Saul for Disobedience

War with the Philistines

Note: There is a scribal uncertainty in 13:1 where it says “Saul lived for one year and then became king” as the next part reads “when he reigned for two years over Israel, he chose three thousand men of Israel…” It obviously doesn’t mean he was three years old at that point.

In this first part of the chapter we read about Saul’s and his son Jonathan’s exploits in waring with the Philistines and it appears it was ongoing, even though both Saul and Jonathan had victories.

Saul’s Unlawful Sacrifice

In the second part of the chapter, we read about Saul’s impatience as Samuel had not shown up at the appointed time for sacrifice. Saul apparently took it upon himself to enact the role of the priest by making sacrifices to the LORD, which only Samuel should do. When Samuel did show up he reprimanded Saul and speaking on God’s behalf foretold that his kingdom would no longer be established, and that God had in mind another man “after His own heart” because Saul had not kept what the LORD commanded him. Even after this, Saul continued on in his battle with the Philistines, but this time the Philistines divided up into three companies. We also read about the monopoly the Philistines had on blacksmithing, they would charge the Israelites for sharpening their tools and we’re told that the people of Israel did not have swords except for Saul and Jonathan.

  1. What happened between the Israelites and the Philistines at the two-year mark of Saul’s reign? Who was Jonathan?

See summary notes above…

Also note: Most likely a Scribal error in 13:1 where it says “Saul lived one year and then became king” and Bible Scholars have debated the Hebrew on this. One prominent thought is that the numbers related to Saul’s age and length of reign were lost very early on. Acts 31:21 does tell us that Saul reigned for forty years. Other ideas are purely speculative.

  1. What did Saul do that enraged Samuel, and what judgment from God did Samuel speak over Saul for doing this?

See summary notes above…

Also note: This will be the first of two times the LORD will speak the end of Saul’s reign to be eminent.

  1. Going deeper: What do we know about the monopoly the Philistines had on iron, and how it affected the people of Israel now and later on?

Earlier we researched who the Philistines were, and noted that they were proficient and dominant in iron work. This put the Israelites at their mercy for tools and equipment, especially when it came to acquiring swords for battle.

Chapter 14:

Jonathan Defeats the Philistines

In this chapter we read about the time that Jonathan, Saul’s son, went out on his own (no one knew he left) with his armor-bearer to spy out the Philistines. We see Jonathan’s faith (and that of his armor-bearer) in the LORD to trust that the LORD would work for them (v. 6-7). Upon challenging the Philistines, Jonathan somehow knew what the LORD wanted them to do, and when the Philistines said “come up to us” they went and slew about 20 men. When Saul and the others realized that Jonathan had gone out, they took the Ark of God and went out to battle the Philistines as God had caused confusion in the Philistine camp. Saul and his people were able to win the battle that day, only with the help of the LORD however., not on their own accord.

Saul’s Rash Vow

In the second part of the chapter, the people had been fighting hard, and Saul lays an oath on the people saying “cursed be the man who eats food until it is evening and I am avenged on my enemies.” But Jonathan was not aware of this oath and he ate some honey, and became revived. When Jonathan was told about the oath, he dismissed his dad and said they were not as successful as they should have been because the men were hungry and weak. Some of the people finally ate and since they were starving, they even ate the blood, which is against God’s Law, so Saul required a sacrifice and had the people bring oxen to slaughter, and then he wanted them to go down and fight again, but the priests said that he should inquire of God, but God did not answer Saul. So, Saul, using the Urim and Thummim found out that it was Jonathan who had broken Saul’s rash vow and Saul was going to kill him, but the people stopped him from doing so.

Saul Fights Israel’s Enemies

In this final section we read about Saul routing all of his enemies including Moab, the Ammonites, Edom, the Amalekites, and the kings of Zobah in addition to the Philistines. We also read about Saul having not only Jonathan, but Ishvi, Malchi-shua as sons, and his daughters Merab and Michal, and his wife’s name was Ahinoam and his uncle, Abner became the commander of his army. We can also note that Saul would bring in any strong man or valiant man and attach him to himself (which sets up the reason David will eventually serve close to Saul in his court).

  1. What did Jonathan do (without his father knowing) concerning the Philistines, and how did he show that he trusted God in his endeavor? What are some clues that help us know God’s hand was with Jonathan and his armor-bearer?

See summary notes above…

In addition, we note both Jonathan and his amor bearer trusted the LORD and went up when the Philistines called them. This act gave them the opportunity to get into the Philistines camp who were not worried about only two people, but God worked miraculously through them to defeat what was probably an outlying group that wasn’t worried about an attack.

ESV Note: Jonathan’s act of trust in this chapter is sandwiched between two instances of Saul’s disobedience in Chapters 13 and 15. The narrator thus clearly contrasts Saul and Jonathan before dealing with Saul and David.

  1. What did Saul and the people of Israel do when he realized that the Philistines were in a panic, and what was the result?

See summary notes above…

Important note: It was not Saul’s might, but God’s intervention that helped them win the battle that day.

  1. What rash vow did Saul make and why? What was the consequence of this vow, and how did the people respond to Saul’s attempted enforcement?

See summary notes above…

  1. Going Deeper: What is the history of the Urim and Thummim, and why did Saul use them?

From gotquestions.org

“The Urim (“lights”) and Thummim (“perfections”) were gemstones that were carried by the high priest of Israel on the ephod / priestly garments. They were used by the high priest to determine God’s will in some situations. Some propose that God would cause the Urim and Thummim to light up in varying patterns to reveal His decision. Others propose that the Urim and Thummim were kept in a pouch and were engraved with symbols identifying yes / no and true / false.
It is unclear whether the Urim and Thummim were on, by, or in the high priest’s ephod. No one knows the precise nature of the Urim and Thummim or exactly how they were used. The Bible simply does not give us enough information. References to the Urim and Thummim are rare in the Bible. They are first mentioned in the description of the breastplate of judgment (Exodus 28:30; Leviticus 8:8). When Joshua succeeded Moses as leader over Israel, he was to receive answers from God by means of the Urim through Eleazar the high priest (Numbers 27:21). The Urim and Thummim are next mentioned in Moses’ dying blessing upon Levi (Deuteronomy 33:8). The following Scriptures likely also speak of the Urim and Thummim: Joshua 7:14-18; 1 Samuel 14:37-45; and 2 Samuel 21:1.”

Note: It is not clear if God actually guided Saul with the use of the Urim and Thummim because it was supposed to be for the priests to use. Either way the whole situation with Saul, Jonathan and people under Saul’s rash vow was not something God had His hand in. We only see Saul being the one who decided these things and making assumptions. As a result, we see Saul slide more and more away from God His ways of God as apparent in the next chapter.

Chapter 15:

The LORD Rejects Saul

In this chapter we read about God’s command to Samuel to anoint Saul and send him out, with specific instructions, to defeat Amalek because of their opposition to Israel when they came out of Egypt (and historically we know how evil their pagan practices were, and this would be the reason God would want them completely wiped out). Saul defeats the Amalekites, but does not do all that God said in destroying all things that belonged to them, and Saul even brings home their king as part of the spoil. God informs Samuel of what Saul had done and Samuel goes out and confronts Saul, who makes excuses for his actions. Samuel then takes a sword and kills the Amalekite king himself; and then tells Saul that, again, God has rejected him as king because of his disobedience and defiance. After Samuel went with Saul before the people he returned to his home in Ramah and never saw Saul again.

  1. Who were the Amalekites, and why did God reject Saul yet again this second time?

God rejected Saul for a final time because he did not follow His commands in destroying the Amalekites and everything they owned, but instead Saul allowed the people to keep the best spoil and he even brought the Amalekite king, Agag, home alive. Saul then made excuses and even told Samuel that he did follow the LORD’s command (which was a lie), and this was further evidence of Saul’s lack of respect for God and His ways.

The Amalekites (from gotquestions.org):

“The Amalekites were a formidable tribe of nomads living in the area south of Canaan between Mount Seir and the Egyptian border. They resisted the Israelites during the time of the exodus, and they remained perennial foes of God’s people.
The Amalekites are not listed in the table of nations in Genesis 10, as they did not originate until after Esau’s time. Scripture records the long-lasting feud between the Amalekites and the Israelites and God’s direction to wipe the Amalekites off the face of the earth (Exodus 17:8–13; 1 Samuel 15:2; Deuteronomy 25:17). Why God would call His people to exterminate an entire tribe is a difficult question, but a look at history may give some insight:
The Amalekites’ unrelenting brutality toward the Israelites began with an attack at Rephidim (Exodus 17:8–13). This is recounted in Deuteronomy 25:17–19 with this admonition: “Remember what the Amalekites did to you along the way when you came out of Egypt. When you were weary and worn out, they met you on your journey and attacked all who were lagging behind [typically women and children]: they had no fear of God. When the LORD your God gives you rest from all the enemies around you in the land he is giving you to possess as an inheritance, you shall blot out the name of Amalek from under heaven. Do not forget!”
The Amalekites later joined with the Canaanites and attacked the Israelites at Hormah (Numbers 14:45). In Judges they banded with the Moabites (Judges 3:13) and the Midianites (Judges 6:3) to wage war on the Israelites. They were responsible for the repeated destruction of the Israelites’ land and food supply.
In 1 Samuel 15:2–3, God tells King Saul, “I will punish the Amalekites for what they did to Israel when they waylaid them as they came up from Egypt. Now go, attack the Amalekites and totally destroy everything that belongs to them. Do not spare them, put to death men and women, children and infants, cattle and sheep, camels and donkeys.”
In response, King Saul first warns the Kenites, friends of Israel, to leave the area. He then attacks the Amalekites but does not complete the task. He allows the Amalekite King Agag to live, takes plunder for himself and his army, and lies about the reason for doing so. Saul’s rebellion against God and His commands is so serious that he is rejected by God as king (1 Samuel 15:23).
The escaped Amalekites continued to harass and plunder the Israelites in successive generations that spanned hundreds of years. First Samuel 30 reports an Amalekite raid on Ziklag, a Judean village where David held property. The Amalekites burned the village and took captive all the women and children, including two of David’s wives. David and his men defeated the Amalekites and rescued all the hostages. A few hundred Amalekites escaped, however. Much later, during the reign of King Hezekiah, a group of Simeonites “killed the remaining Amalekites” who had been living in the hill country of Seir (1 Chronicles 4:42–43).
The last mention of the Amalekites is found in the book of Esther where Haman the Agagite, a descendant of the Amalekite king Agag, connives to have all the Jews in Persia annihilated by order of King Xerxes. God saved the Jews in Persia, however, and Haman, his sons, and the rest of Israel’s enemies were destroyed instead (Esther 9:5–10).
The Amalekites’ hatred of the Jews and their repeated attempts to destroy God’s people led to their ultimate doom. Their fate should be a warning to all who would attempt to thwart God’s plan or who would curse what God has blessed (see Genesis 12:3).”

  1. What did Samuel say to Saul on behalf of the LORD, and how does this show Saul’s willing incompetence as a leader of the people and follower of God?

17 And Samuel said, “Though you are little in your own eyes, are you not the head of the tribes of Israel? The Lord anointed you king over Israel. 18 And the Lord sent you on a mission and said, ‘Go, devote to destruction the sinners, the Amalekites, and fight against them until they are consumed.’ 19 Why then did you not obey the voice of the Lord? Why did you pounce on the spoil and do what was evil in the sight of the Lord?” 20 And Saul said to Samuel, “I have obeyed the voice of the Lord. I have gone on the mission on which the Lord sent me. I have brought Agag the king of Amalek, and I have devoted the Amalekites to destruction. 21 But the people took of the spoil, sheep and oxen, the best of the things devoted to destruction, to sacrifice to the Lord your God in Gilgal.” 22 And Samuel said,

“Has the Lord as great delight in burnt offerings and sacrifices,
    as in obeying the voice of the Lord?
Behold, to obey is better than sacrifice,
    and to listen than the fat of rams.
23 For rebellion is as the sin of divination,
    and presumption is as iniquity and idolatry.
Because you have rejected the word of the Lord,
    he has also rejected you from being king.”

1 Samuel 15:17-23

  • God wanted a willing heart, and a heart that followed Him wholly
  • Saul lied about obeying God because he did not; he also allowed the people to do what they want (and he did this on several occasions) instead of being a leader and giving them God’s instructions
  • Samuel’s point shows God’s heart in wanting obedience instead, or more than sacrifice; and he showed Saul’s wickedness in rebellion was equated with divination and idolatry
  1. What were the last words between Saul and Samuel; and what did Samuel do that Saul should have done as commanded by the LORD?

Samuel killed king Agag of the Amalekites which is what Saul should have done

Samuel’s last words to Saul: “28 And Samuel said to him, “The Lord has torn the kingdom of Israel from you this day and has given it to a neighbor of yours, who is better than you. 29 And also the Glory of Israel will not lie or have regret, for he is not a man, that he should have regret.”” 

1 Samuel 15:28-29 (ESV)

Chapter 16:

Saul and David

Samuel Anoints David

Samuel Goes to Bethlehem

In the first part of this chapter, we read how God speaks to Samuel, and sends him to Bethlehem, to the house of Jesse, to anoint the real one God wanted to be the King of Israel. God takes Samuel through all of the sons of Jesse (each one Samuel is thinking is the right one) until he got to the youngest one who was out in the field keeping the sheep. This was David, and God told Samuel to anoint him in the presence of his brothers, and we are told that “the Spirit of the LORD rushed upon David from that day forward” and then Samuel returned home to Ramah.

David in Saul’s Service

In the last part of this chapter, we read that the Spirit of the LORD had departed from Saul, and a harmful spirit from the LORD tormented him (all spirits belong to the LORD, therefore God allowed this one upon him – for example, Satan in the book of Job had to get God’s permission to do anything). Since David played the lyre, and one of the young men in Saul’s service had heard of David, that the LORD was with him, and recommended that they get him (obviously God’s sovereignty is seen here). We are told that Saul loved David, and made him his armor-bearer, and whenever the harmful spirit was upon him, David would play the lyre and the sprit would depart from Saul.

  1. Who was David, what was Samuel’s interaction with him, and how did he end up in Saul’s service?
  • David was the youngest and eighth son of Jesse, from the town of Bethlehem (and we know that this a line that leads back to Judah).
  • God lead Samuel to the house of Jesse and guided him to choose David, and he anointed him and left (this would have been symbolic for now as David would not assume Kingship for quite some time) – when Samuel anointed him the Spirit of the LORD came upon him and would remain with him.
  • By God’s sovereignty, David was recommended as the one who could play the lyre for Saul, and when Saul got to know David he loved him and put him in his service as an amor-bearer and as the one who could sooth him by playing the lyre.

INTERPRETATION: What does it mean? (Chapters 13-16)

  1. What is God showing the reader about who He is (His character)?
  • We see God’s sovereign character in the interactions between Samuel and Saul; Samuel and David; and in Jonathan’s success as a warrior against the Philistines. God is in control of all of the events of history, as seen in this narrative.
  • We see God’s righteous justice in His pronouncement of judgment to be enacted upon the pagan nations such as the Amalekites.
  • We see God’s patience and longsuffering in how long He waited to judge the pagan nations in this narrative (ie Amalekites, Amorites, Moabites, Edomites and others).
  • We see God’s hesed in His care for the Nation of Israel and its leaders
  1. What is God trying to teach the audience from this narrative?
  • God wants the people of Israel to have the record of their history so that they would know the importance of obedience vs. disobedience in their relationship with God
  • The people of Israel should learn from their mistakes; the leaders of Israel should learn from past mistakes as well
  • God is also teaching the people the importance of God’s Holiness, and that His commands are not to be taken lightly, but to be honored and taken seriously as there will always be accountability and consequences for their actions
  1. Do we see anything in this narrative that points towards Jesus (a picture, foreshadow, model, prophecy etc.).
  • David will be a picture or foreshadow of the person of Jesus as he is chosen by God the Father for his purity of heart
  • Samuel still pictures Jesus as the priestly intercessor before God for the people and their leaders

APPLICATION: How can we use what we learned? (Chapters 13-16)

  1. Are there things we can apply to our lives that we learn from people in this narrative (good or bad)?

Answers will vary…

Ditto #13 from Interpretation

  • Jot down and discuss any “shelf” questions you might have about chapters 13-16.

Discussions will vary…

Homework

  • Read 1 Samuel Chapters 17-20 and write out titles and sub-titles for each section
  • Write a short summary (3-5 sentences or bullet points) for each chapter or chapter section to help in our weekly table discussion

Going Deeper:

Share your summary and/or answer these questions for each chapter:

CONTEXT: What does it say?

Chapter 17:

  1. Where were the Israelites and the Philistines encamped for battle, what was this area like, and how far was it from David’s home in Bethlehem? (Share a map you can find)
  2. Summarize the story of David and Goliath and include some of the following:
  • Who was Goliath, where was he from and what made him such a formidable enemy?
  • What was David doing at this time, what brought him to the encampment and why did he volunteer to fight Goliath?
  • Why and how did Saul send David out, and how did he ultimately defeat Goliath?
  • Where do we see God’s hand in this narrative overall?

Chapter 18:

  1. What was the relationship between David and Saul’s son Jonathan, and what did Jonathan do to help David become successful (as ultimately planned by God)?
  2. Why was Saul jealous of David; what did he try to do to him and why?
  3. Who were Merab and Michal, and how did Saul try to use them against David? How did David upset Saul’s plan?

Chapter 19:

  1. What did Saul want to do to David, and how did Jonathan intervene? What did Michal do to help David when Saul tried again?
  2. What did Saul do when David escaped to Samuel at Ramah; what happened to the messengers, and what happened to Saul himself?
  3. How do we see God intervening in this narrative (there are several things you can list)?

Chapter 20:

  1. What happened when Jonathan and David met up after he fled from Ramah (what was their plan)?
  2. How did Saul respond to Jonathan’s answer about David, and what did Jonathan then do?
  3. What did Jonathan make David promise about his future? Research Jonathan’s descendant and how David made good on this vow (Cross-reference 2 Samuel chapter 9).

INTERPRETATION: What does it mean? (Chapters 17-20)

  1. What is God showing the reader about who He is (His character)?
  2. What is God trying to teach the audience from this narrative?
  3. Do we see anything in this narrative that points towards Jesus (a picture, foreshadow, model, prophecy etc.).

APPLICATION: How can we use what we learned? (Chapters 17-20)

  1. Are there
  • Jot down and discuss any “shelf” questions you might have about chapters 17-20

Join us next week as we continue our Apologetics Blueprint Class and a study in the book of 1 Samuel!

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You will not find this material in the public school curriculum even though it is based on solid evidence and grounded in research. It is ironic that following the evidence to where it leads stops at the door of our public schools as they will not let a “Divine footprint” in!  Join us as we examine evidence for Christianity and learn how to become a thoughtful defender and ambassador of your faith.

Click into the resource page of this website to view many of the top Christian thinkers and apologists along with some of their work; connecting to these types of resources is essential in your Christian growth.

Please let me know what you think: Give feedback, ask questions or send concerns in the comment section of the blog.

Teri Dugan

TeriDugan@truthfaithandreason.com

1 Peter 3:15

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